emcardioНеотложная кардиология и кардиоваскулярные рискиEmergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks journal2616-633XБелорусский государственный медицинский университет10.51922/2616-633X.2026.10.1.2722emcardio-340Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESХирургическое лечение расслаивающих аневризм аорты типа A: современные подходы и результатыSurgical Management of Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection: Current Strategies and OutcomesАничкинВ. А.AnichkinV. A.

Минск, ул. Р. Люксембург, 110Б, 220036

Minsk, R. Luxemburg street, 110B, 220036

kardio@tut.byОстровскийЮ. П.OstrovskyYu. P.

Минск, ул. Р. Люксембург, 110Б, 220036

Minsk, R. Luxemburg street, 110B, 220036

kardio@tut.byГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр ”Кардиология”»БеларусьState Institution “Republican Scientific and Practical Center “Cardiology”Belarus20262107202610127222728Copyright © Аничкин В.А., Островский Ю.П., 20262026Аничкин В.А., Островский Ю.П.Anichkin V.A., Ostrovsky Y.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/340

Острое расслоение восходящей аорты (тип A по Stanford) является одним из наиболее жизнеугрожающих патологий в сердечно-сосудистой хирургии и требует незамедлительного хирургического вмешательства. Целью данного обзора является анализ современных хирургических подходов и результатов лечения пациентов с расслаивающими аневризмами аорты типа A на основании последних международных исследований и клинических рекомендаций. Показано, что хирургическая коррекция остается основным методом лечения и обеспечивает значительное снижение летальности по сравнению с консервативной терапией. Современные хирургические стратегии включают протезирование восходящей аорты, частичное или полное протезирование дуги аорты, операции на корне аорты, а также использование гибридных технологий (Frozen Elephant Trunk, open stent graft). Развитие специализированных центров аортальной хирургии, совершенствование методов церебральной перфузии и стандартизация хирургической тактики способствуют улучшению ранних и отдаленных результатов лечения.

Acute dissection of the ascending aorta (Stanford type A) represents one of the most critical emergencies in cardiovascular surgery and necessitates urgent operative intervention. This review aims to synthesize current surgical strategies and evaluate treatment outcomes in patients with type A aortic dissections based on recent international studies and contemporary clinical guidelines. Evidence consistently demonstrates that surgery remains the cornerstone of management, offering a substantial survival benefit compared with conservative approaches. Modern operative techniques encompass replacement of the ascending aorta, hemiarch or total arch reconstruction, aortic root procedures, and the application of hybrid approaches such as the Frozen Elephant Trunk technique. The establishment of specialized centers for aortic surgery, advances in cerebral perfusion techniques, and standardization of surgical decision-making contribute to improved early and long-term treatment outcomes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.