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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">emcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неотложная кардиология и кардиоваскулярные риски</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2616-633X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">emcardio-282</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры и лекции</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews and lectures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Женщины и мужчины: различия в профилактике сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Women and Men: Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Prevention</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кикалишвили</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kikalishvili</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумбуридзе</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumburidze</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр неотложной кардиологии имени академика Г. Чапидзе</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Emergency Cardiology Center by Acad. G. Chapidze</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>258</fpage><lpage>269</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кикалишвили Т., Чумбуридзе В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кикалишвили Т., Чумбуридзе В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kikalishvili T., Chumburidze V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/282">https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/282</self-uri><abstract><p>Доминирование сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) в структуре смертности послужило причиной для значительного роста числа исследований за последние 20 лет, посвященных атеросклеротическим заболеваниям, в том числе особенностям течения сердечно-сосудистой патологии у женщин. Все чаще стали встречаться публикации, посвященные различным аспектам ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) у женщин, в которых подчеркиваются различия в области патофизиологии, клинических проявлений и терапии ИБС. За последние три десятилетия наблюдалось резкое снижение смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний как у мужчин, так и у женщин, особенно в возрасте старше 65 лет. Но, несмотря на это, согласно данным программы Global Burden of Disease, в 2004 году смертность от ССЗ составляла почти 32 % для женщин во всем мире и около 27 % для мужчин. В Европе смертность от ССЗ среди женщин составляет 54 %, в то время как среди мужчин этот показатель равен 43 %. В последнее время появились данные, которые описывают ранее не исследованные факторы риска ССЗ, встречающиеся исключительно среди женщин. В частности, например, некоторые расстройства беременности, такие как гестационная артериальная гипертензия и диабет. Также часто встречающиеся эндокринные расстройства у женщин репродуктивного возраста связаны с ускоренным развитием сердечно-сосудистой патологии и повышением смертности от других заболеваний. С учетом доступности данных проспективных исследований, включающих как мужчин, так и женщин, становится возможным проведение сравнительного межполового анализа распространенности кардиоваскулярных факторов риска, а также исходов ССЗ. Оценка кардиоваскулярных факторов риска, присущих исключительно женскому полу, позволит выявить среди практически здоровых женщин пациенток с высоким риском сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Таким образом, в нашем обзоре мы проанализиро¬вали литературные данные о распространенности традиционных факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний среди мужчин и женщин</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women, and knowledge of the clinical con¬sequences of atherosclerosis and CVD in women has grown tremendously over the past 20 years. Research efforts have increased and many reports on various aspects of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in women have been published highlighting sex differences in pathophysiology, presentation, and treatment of IHD. For the past three decades, dramatic declines in heart disease mortality for both men and women have been observed, especially in the &gt; 65 years' age group. But despite it according to the Global Burden of Disease, in 2004, CVD caused almost 32 % of deaths in women worldwide vs. 27 % in men. In Europe, 54 % of all females' death are from CVD vs. 43 % in men. Recent evidence has emerged that recognizes new, potentially independent, CVD risk factors exclusive to women. In particular, common disorders of pregnancy, such as gestational hypertension and diabetes, as well as frequently occurring endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age are associated with accelerated development of CVD and impaired CVD-free survival. With the recent availability of prospective studies comprising men and women, the equivalency of major risk factors prevalence and effects on CVD between men and women can be examined. Furthermore, female-specific risk factors might be identified enabling early detection of apparently healthy women with a high lifetime risk of CVD. Therefore, we examined the available literature regarding the prevalence and effects of the traditional major risk factors for CVD in men and women.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>факторы риска для женщин</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>female-specific risk factors</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mozaffarian D., Benjamin E.J., Go A.S., Arnett D.K., Blaha M.J., Cushman M., de Ferranti S., Després J.P., Fullerton H.J., Howard V.J., Huffman M.D., Judd S.E., Kissela B.M., Lackland D.T., Lichtman J.H., Lisabeth L.D., Liu S., Mackey R.H., Matchar D.B., McGuire D.K., Mohler .ER.3rd, Moy C.S., Muntner P., Mussolino M.E., Nasir K., Neumar R.W., Nichol G., Palaniappan L., Pandey D.K., Reeves M.J., Rodriguez C.J., Sorlie P.D., Stein J., Towfighi A., Turan T.N., Virani S.S., Willey J.Z., Woo D., Yeh R.W., Turner M.B. 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