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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">emcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неотложная кардиология и кардиоваскулярные риски</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2616-633X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2616-633X.2024.8.1.2098</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">emcardio-25</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные научные публикации</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Scientific Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стратификация риска послеоперационной бессимптомной депрессии сегмента ST у пациентов с острым холециститом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk stratification of postoperative asymptomatic ST-segment depression in patients with acute cholecystitis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимёнок</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Herasimionak</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">modimu@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митьковская</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitkovskaya</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет, кафедра кардиологии и внутренних болезней</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>2098</fpage><lpage>2104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Герасимёнок Д.С., Кузнецова С.И., Митьковская Н.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Герасимёнок Д.С., Кузнецова С.И., Митьковская Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Herasimionak D.S., Kuznetsova S.I., Mitkovskaya N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/25">https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/25</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Введение</title><p>   Введение. Несмотря на успехи в профилактике и лечении болезней системы кровообращения, смертность от ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС) среди населения Республики Беларусь занимает одну из лидирующих позиций. Поздняя обращаемость пациентов с ИБС за медицинской помощью может быть обусловлена особенностями течения заболевания, асимптомными эпизодами ишемии миокарда, не позволяющими без проведения инструментальных исследований и оценки кардиоваскулярного риска своевременно заподозрить и предотвратить надвигающуюся катастрофу в коронарном русле. Острая хирургическая патология органов брюшной полости может служить тем стрессовым триггером, который поспособствует усугублению течения асимптомного коронарного атеросклероза и привести к манифестации ишемического события.</p></sec><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Оценить частоту и разработать прогностическую модель возникновения депрессий сегмента ST на электрокардиограмме (ЭКГ) покоя у пациентов после холецистэктомии в раннем послеоперационном периоде.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материал и методы</title><p>   Материал и методы. В исследование включены пациенты с умеренным, высоким и очень высоким риском кардиоваскулярных осложнений (КВР) согласно рекомендациям European Society of Cardiology [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>], у которых имелись показания для срочной холецистэктомии. Ишемической депрессией сегмента ST считалась косонисходящая или горизонтальная депрессия глубиной 0,05 мВ и более в стандартных и 0,1 мВ и более в грудных отведениях, измеренной в точке, отстоящей на 60-80 мс от точки перехода зубца S в сегмент ST.</p><p>   Результаты и обсуждение. У пациентов, которым выполнялась холецистэктомия, но не использовалась кардиопротективная терапия, чаще встречалась депрессия сегмента ST на ЭКГ на 4 сутки после операции. Распространенность бессимптомной депрессии сегмента ST была выше как в стандартных, так и в грудных отведениях. Также регистрировалось повышение частоты встречаемости новых эпизодов ишемии миокарда к 4-м суткам у пациентов после холецистэктомии без сопутствующей кардиопротективной терапии (КПТ). Была разработана модель по оценке вероятности возникновения эпизодов депрессии сегмента ST после срочной холецистэктомии в раннем послеоперационном периоде.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. У пациентов после холецистэктомии в раннем послеоперационном периоде на ЭКГ покоя были зарегистрированы эпизоды депрессии сегмента ST. Частота бессимптомных эпизодов ишемии была больше в группе пациентов, перенесших холецистэктомию, где не назначалась дополнительная кардиопротективная терапия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. Despite the successes in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the circulatory system, mortality from ischemic heart disease (IHD) among the population of the Republic of Belarus occupies a leading position. Late seeking of medical care by patients with coronary artery disease may be due to the peculiarities of the course of the disease, asymptomatic episodes of myocardial ischemia, which do not allow timely suspicion and prevention of an impending coronary catastrophe without conducting instrumental studies and assessing cardiovascular risk. Acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs can serve as a stress trigger that will worsen the course of asymptomatic coronary atherosclerosis and lead to the manifestation of an ischemic event.</p></sec><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim. To assess the incidence and develop a prognostic model for the occur rence of ST segment depression on the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) in patients after cholecystectomy in the early postoperative period.</p></sec><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods. The study included patients with moderate, high and very high risk of cardiovascular complications according to the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>], who had indications for urgent cholecystectomy. Ischemic depression of the ST segment was considered to be an oblique or horizontal depression with a depth of 0.05 mV or more in the standard leads and 0.1 mV or more in the precordial leads, measured at a point 60–80 ms from the point of transition of the S wave to the ST segment.</p><p>   Results and discussion. In patients who underwent cholecystectomy but did not use cardioprotective therapy, ST segment depression on the ECG was more common on the 4th day after surgery. The prevalence of ischemic ST segment depression was higher in both standard and precordial leads. An increase in the incidence of new episodes of myocardial ischemia by day 4 in patients after cholecystectomy without concomitant cardioprotective therapy was also revealed. A model was developed to estimate the likelihood of episodes of ST segment depression after emergency cholecystectomy in the early postoperative period.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. In patients after cholecystectomy in the early postoperative period, episodes of ST segment depression were recorded on the resting ECG. The frequency of asymptomatic episodes of ischemia was higher in the group of patients who underwent cholecystectomy, where no additional cardioprotective therapy was prescribed.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кардиоваскулярные факторы риска</kwd><kwd>острый холецистит</kwd><kwd>холецистэктомия</kwd><kwd>ишемия миокарда</kwd><kwd>депрессия сегмента ST</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cardiovascular risk factors</kwd><kwd>acute cholecystitis</kwd><kwd>cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>myocardial ischemia</kwd><kwd>ST segment depression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Piepoli M.F., et al. 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