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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">emcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неотложная кардиология и кардиоваскулярные риски</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2616-633X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2616-633X.2024.8.1.2086</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">emcardio-24</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные научные публикации</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Scientific Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перфузия миокарда и кардиоваскулярный риск у пациентов с длительной желудочковой стимуляцией в отдаленном периоде</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Myocardial perfusion and cardiovascular risk in patients with long-term ventricular pacing in the long period</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарипов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Harypau</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mv-fraction@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Патеюк</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Patsiayuk</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терехов</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terehov</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное учреждение «Республиканский научно-практический центр детской хирургии»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Pediatric Surgery</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт повышения квалификации и переподготовки кадров здравоохранения учреждения образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Advanced Training and Retraining of Healthcare Personnel of Educational Institution “Belarusian State Medical University”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение здравоохранения «5-я городская клиническая больница»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Healthcare institution “5th City Clinical Hospital”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>2086</fpage><lpage>2097</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гарипов А.С., Патеюк И.В., Терехов В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гарипов А.С., Патеюк И.В., Терехов В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Harypau A., Patsiayuk I., Terehov V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/24">https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/24</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Цель</title><p>   Цель. Изучить перфузию миокарда и оценить кардиоваскулярный риск у пациентов с длительной желудочковой стимуляцией в отдаленном периоде.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 40 молодых пациентов (23 мужчины и 17 женщин) с атриовентрикулярными (АВ) блокадами и имплантированными электрокардиостимуляторами (ЭКС). Группу 1 составили 20 пациентов с послеоперационными АВ-блокадами, после хирургической коррекции врожденного порока сердца; группу 2 – 20 пациентов с нехирургической АВ-блокадой. Возраст на момент исследования составил 22,8 (19,8; 24,0) лет в группе 1 и 22,5 (20,4; 24,8) лет в группе 2 (U = 181,0, р = 0,620). Длительность кардиостимуляции в группах составила 15,5 (12,8; 18,9) лет и 15,7 (14,1; 18,2) лет соответственно (U = 193,0, р = 0,862). У всех пациентов на момент осмотра был имплантирован двухкамерный ЭКС со 100 % желудочковой стимуляцией. Всем пациентам выполнено общеклиническое обследование, однофотонная эмиссионная компьютерная томография миокарда.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Перфузионные нарушения выявлены у 52,5 % пациентов молодого возраста с длительной желудочковой стимуляцией независимо от причины возникновения АВ-блокады, у 25 % обследуемых они носили выраженный характер. Преходящая ишемия миокарда ЛЖ установлена у 42,5 % лиц, включенных в исследование. Значимая ишемия миокарда (при значении показателя SDS &gt; 4 баллов) у пациентов с длительной желудочковой стимуляцией независимо от причины возникновения АВ-блокады сопровождалась изменениями объемных показателей и нарушением систолической функции ЛЖ при нагрузке (Stress ИКДО ЛЖ, Stress ИКСО ЛЖ, Stress ФВ ЛЖ, ΔФВ ЛЖ), систолического утолщения миокарда (WT-SSS). Транзиторная дилатация (особенно в сочетании с ишемией миокарда) является неблагоприятным фактором риска развития сердечно-сосудистых событий. Выявлено сочетание стресс-индуцированной ишемии и феномена «оглушения» (при снижении значения ФВ ЛЖ на 5 % и более) у 15 % пациентов с длительной желудочковой стимуляцией не зависимо от причины возникновения АВ-блокады, что является независимым предиктором развития неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий. Установлена статистически значимая связь развития ишемии миокарда с показателями разницы (дельты) утолщения стенок ЛЖ (ΔWT-SDS) и разницы (дельты) ФВ ЛЖ (ΔФВ ЛЖ) при проведении исследования в покое и при нагрузочной пробе. Предложена математическая модель расчета вероятности развития преходящей ишемии миокарда по данным ОФЭКТ с включением данных показателей, площадь ROC-кривой составила AUC = 0,854 ((95 % ДИ 0,707–0,946), р &lt; 0,001, чувствительность 81,8 %, специфичность 72,4 %).</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. У пациентов молодого возраста с длительной желудочковой стимуляцией независимо от причины возникновения АВ-блокады выявлены значимые перфузионные нарушения, стресс-индуцируемая преходящая ишемия в сочетании с феноменом «оглушения» (снижение ФВ ЛЖ ≥ 5 %), которые сопровождались ремоделированием и нарушением систолической функции ЛЖ при нагрузке. Выявленные нарушения перфузии могут являться значимыми предикторами неблагоприятных сердечно-сосудистых событий у данного контингента.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim. To study myocardial perfusion and assess cardiovascular risk in patients with long-term ventricular pacing in the long period.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. The study included 40 young patients (23 men and 17 women) with atrioventricular (AV) blocks and implanted pacemakers (pacers). Group 1 consisted of 20 patients with postoperative AV block after surgical correction of congenital heart disease; group 2–20 patients with non-surgical AV block. The age range at the time of the study was 22.8 (19.8; 24.0) years in group 1 and 22.5 (20.4; 24.8) years in group 2 (U = 181.0, p = 0.620). The duration of pacing in the groups was 15.5 (12.8; 18.9) years and 15.7 (14.1; 18.2) years, respectively (U = 193.0, p = 0.862). At the time of examination, all patients had a dual-chamber pacemaker implanted with 100 % ventricular pacing. All patients underwent a general clinical examination and single-photon emission computed tomography of the myocardium.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. Perfusion disorders were detected in 52.5 % of young patients with prolonged ventricular stimulation, regardless of the cause of AV block; in 25 % of the subjects they were pronounced. Transient LV myocardial ischemia was detected in 42.5 % of individuals included in the study. Significant myocardial ischemia (with an SDS value of &gt; 4 points) in patients with prolonged ventricular stimulation, regardless of the cause of AV block, was accompanied by changes in volumetric parameters and impaired LV systolic function during exercise (Stress LV EDVI, Stress LV ESVI, Stress LV EF, ΔEF LV), myocardial systolic thickening (WT-SSS). Transient dilatation (especially in combination with myocardial ischemia) is an unfavorable risk factor for the development of cardiovascular events. A combination of stress-induced ischemia and the “stunning” phenomenon (with a decrease in LVEF by 5 % or more) was identified in 15 % of patients with prolonged ventricular stimulation, regardless of the cause of AV block, which is an independent predictor of the development of adverse cardiovascular events. A statistically significant relationship was established between the development of myocardial ischemia and the indicators of the difference (delta) in LV wall thickening (ΔWT-SDS) and the difference (delta) in LVEF (ΔLVEF) during the study at rest and during the stress test. A mathematical model has been proposed for calculating the probability of developing transient myocardial ischemia according to SPECT data with the inclusion of these indicators, the area of the ROC curve was AUC = 0.854 ((95 % CI 0.707 – 0.946), p &lt; 0.001, sensitivity 81.8 %, specificity 72.4 %).</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. In young patients with prolonged ventricular stimulation, regardless of the cause of AV block, significant perfusion disturbances, stress-induced transient ischemia in combination with the phenomenon of “stunning” (decrease in LVEF ≥ 5 %), which were accompanied by remodeling and impairment of LV systolic function during load. The identified perfusion disorders may be significant predictors of adverse cardiovascular events in this population.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>перфузия миокарда</kwd><kwd>электрокардиостимуляция</kwd><kwd>врожденные пороки сердца</kwd><kwd>атриовентрикулярная блокада</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>main microcirculatory blood flow</kwd><kwd>transcapillary fluid exchange between the vascular and interstitial compartments</kwd><kwd>microhemorrheology</kwd><kwd>oxygen transport</kwd><kwd>regulation of blood flow in the microcirculation system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ansheles A.A., Sergiyenko V.B. Yadernaya kardiologiya [Nuclear cardiology]. Publ. of the FSBI “NMRC of Cardiology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia. Moscow: 2021. 516 p. 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