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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">emcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неотложная кардиология и кардиоваскулярные риски</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2616-633X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2616-633X.2021.5.2.1376</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">emcardio-161</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзоры и лекции</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Reviews and lectures</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оперативное лечение варикоцеле: шунтирующие, окклюзирующие и эндоваскулярные вмешательства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Surgical treatment of varicocele: shunting, occlusive and endovascular interventions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуб</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dub</surname><given-names>I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Доронин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Doronin</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стома</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stoma</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курленко</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurlenko</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное учреждение «432 ордена Красной Звезды главный военный клинический медицинский центр Вооруженных Сил Республики Беларусь»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State Institution “432nd Holder of Order of the Red Star Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>1376–1385</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дуб И.Д., Доронин М.В., Стома С.В., Курленко Р.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дуб И.Д., Доронин М.В., Стома С.В., Курленко Р.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dub I., Doronin M., Stoma S., Kurlenko R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/161">https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/161</self-uri><abstract><p>Частота рецидивов после оперативного лечения варикоцеле достигает 29%. Данное обстоятельство побуждает медицинскую общественность к поиску оптимального оперативного пособия для предотвращения патологического рефлюкса крови в венозные сплетения яичка из вышележащих отделов сосудистой сети. Операция показана при наличии клинической симптоматики, развитии орхопатии и нарушений сперматогенеза не зависимо от степени развития варикоцеле (классификация ВОЗ 2010). Операции, направленные на устранение варикоцеле, делятся на 2 большие группы: первая группа – сохраняющие ренокавальный шунт или шунтирующие операции и вторая группа – не сохраняющие ренокавльный шунт или окклюзирующие операции. Шунтирующие операции включают создание межвенозных анастомозов: проксимальных, дистальных и двунаправленных. Проксимальные анастомозы направлены на устранение почечной венной гипертензии как непосредственной причины заболевания. Наложение двунаправленных и дистальных анастомозов считается нецелесообразным, так как в первом случае увеличивается время оперативного вмешательства, а во втором – не устраняется почечная гипертензия. Окклюзирующие операции показаны при первичном варикоцеле и отсутствии выраженной венной гипертензии. По уровню перевязки вен они делятся на надпаховые и подпаховые, по избирательности – на селективные и неселективные и по оперативному доступу – на открытые, лапароскопические и эндоваскулярные. Наименьшее количество рецидивов и послеоперационных осложнений имеют подпаховые селективные и эндоваскулярные методики. Они являются наиболее универсальными и устраняют все гемодинамические типы варикоцеле. Надпаховые селективные методики показывают свою высокую эффективность при реносперматическом типе варикоцеле и, в отличии от подпаховых, при их выполнении отсутствует риск повреждения яичковой артерии. Таким образом, дифференцированный подход к выбору вида операции снижает риск послеоперационных осложнений и предупреждает рецидив болезни.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The frequency of recurrence after surgical treatment of varicocele reaches 29%. This circumstance encourages the medical community to search for the optimal surgical aid to prevent pathological reflux of blood into the venous plexuses of the testicle from the overlying parts of the vascular network. The operation is indicated in case of presence of the clinical symptoms, the development of orchopathy and disorders of spermatogenesis, regardless of the degree of development of varicocele (WHO classification 2010). Operations aimed at eliminating varicocele are divided into 2 large groups: the first group – preserving the renocaval shunt or shunting operations and the second group – not preserving the renocaval shunt or occlusive operations. Shunting operations include the creation of intervenous anastomoses: proximal, distal and bidirectional. Proximal anastomoses are aimed at eliminating renal venous hypertension as the direct cause of the disease. The imposition of bidirectional and distal anastomoses is considered inappropriate, since in the first case, the time of surgical intervention increases, and in the second case, renal hypertension is not eliminated. Occlusive operations are indicated for primary varicocele and the absence of pronounced venous hypertension. According to the level of vein ligation, they are divided into supra-inguinal and sub-inguinal, by selectivity into selective and non-selective, and by operative access into open, laparoscopic and endovascular. The lowest number of relapses and postoperative complications is observed in sub-inguinal selective and endovascular techniques. They are the most universal ones and eliminate all hemodynamic types of varicocele. Supra-inguinal selective techniques show their high effectiveness in the renospermatic type of varicocele and, unlike sub-inguinal operations, there is no risk of damage to the testicular artery during the operation. Thus, a differentiated approach to choosing the type of surgery reduces the risk of postoperative complications and prevents recurrence of the disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оперативное лечение варикоцеле</kwd><kwd>шунтирующие операции</kwd><kwd>эндоваскулярные операции</kwd><kwd>лапароскопические и открытые операции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>surgical treatment of varicocele</kwd><kwd>bypass surgery</kwd><kwd>endovascular surgery</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic and open surgery</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bavilsky V.F., Suvorov A.V., Ivanov A.V., Gubnitsky D.A., Kandalov A.M., Sagalov A.V. 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