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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">emcardio</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Неотложная кардиология и кардиоваскулярные риски</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Emergency Cardiology and Cardiovascular Risks journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2616-633X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Белорусский государственный медицинский университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51922/2616-633X.2024.8.2.2287</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">emcardio-11</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальные научные публикации</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Scientific Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неинвазивная диагностика доклинических стадий коронарного и прецеребрального атеросклероза у пациентов с впервые выявленным гипо- и гипертиреозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Noninvasive diagnosis of preclinical stages of coronary and precerebral atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed hypo- and hyperthyroidism</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шишко</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shishko</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григоренко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigorenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Статкевич</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Statkevich</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черняк</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyak</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козич</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozich</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пичугина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pichugina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гунич</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gunich</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махнач</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhnach</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Солигорск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Soligorsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митьковская</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitkovskaya</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> г. Минск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Minsk </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»; Государственное учреждение «Республиканский научно-практический центр «Кардиология»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University; Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»; Учреждение здравоохранения «Минский городской клинический эндокринологический центр»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University; Minsk City Clinical Endocrinology Center</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Государственное учреждение «Республиканский научно-практический центр «Кардиология»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение здравоохранения «4-я городская клиническая больница им. Н.Е. Савченко»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Health Care Institution «4th City Clinical Hospital named after N.E. Savchenko»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение здравоохранения «Солигорская центральная районная больница», поликлиника ОАО «Беларуськалий»</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Salihorsk Central District Hospital, polyclinic of Belaruskali JSC</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><elocation-id>2287–2299</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петрова Е.Б., Шишко О.Н., Григоренко Е.А., Статкевич Т.В., Плешко А.А., Черняк С.В., Козич И.А., Пичугина А.А., Гунич С.В., Махнач С.А., Митьковская Н.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрова Е.Б., Шишко О.Н., Григоренко Е.А., Статкевич Т.В., Плешко А.А., Черняк С.В., Козич И.А., Пичугина А.А., Гунич С.В., Махнач С.А., Митьковская Н.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrova E.B., Shishko O.N., Grigorenko E.A., Statkevich T.V., Pleshko A.A., Chernyak S.V., Kozich I.A., Pichugina A.A., Gunich S.V., Makhnach S.A., Mitkovskaya N.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/11">https://emcardio.bsmu.by/jour/article/view/11</self-uri><abstract><p>По данным ВОЗ, сердечно-сосудистые заболевания предопределяют 63% общей смертности от неинфекционных заболеваний в мире, а наибольшая доля смертей приходится на ишемическую болезнь сердца (ИБС) и инсульт. Несвоевременное выявление доклинических стадий атеросклероза у коморбидных пациентов влечет за собой позднее назначение профилактической медикаментозной и немедикаментозной терапии.Потребность в разработке и внедрении в клиническую практику алгоритма диагностики атеросклероза коронарных и прецеребральных артерий у пациентов с гипо- и гипертиреозом обусловлена широкой распространенностью в Республике Беларусь и в мире патологии щитовидной железы (ЩЖ), развитием при отсутствии адекватных профилактических мероприятий тяжелых кардиоваскулярных осложнений, ранней инвалидизацией пациентов, высокими финансовыми затратами на проведение интервенционных и кардиохирургических лечебно-диагностических процедур и необходимостью обеспечения более рационального использования средств бюджета стран на амбулаторное и стационарное лечение, а также снижения расходов, связанных с утратой трудоспособности по причине БСК у лиц с дисфункцией ЩЖ.Цель исследования: оценить возможности алгоритма диагностики атеросклероза коронарных и прецеребральных артерий на доклинической стадии у пациентов с гипо- и гипертиреозом для включения в комплекс медицинских услуг, направленных на оказание медицинской помощи коморбидным пациентам с патологией щитовидной железы и атеросклероз-ассоциированными болезнями системы кровообращения.Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 118 пациентов трудоспособного возраста с болезнями ЩЖ с впервые выявленным гипо- или гипертиреозом без клинических признаков и анамнеза ИБС и хронической недостаточности мозгового кровообращения. Обследование бессимптомных пациентов с гипо- или гипертиреозом включало анализ клиническо-анамнестических данных (жалобы, сбор анамнеза, объективное обследование пациента с измерением артериального давления и составлением антропометрического паспорта пациента), биохимического анализа крови с расшифровкой липидного спектра и определения типа гиперлипидемии согласно классификации ВОЗ, инструментальных данных (трансторакальной эхокардиографии, объемной сфигмографии с определением индексов CAVI и ABI, ультразвукового исследования брахиоцефальных артерий (УЗИ БЦА), компьютерной томографии сердца с программами скрининга коронарного кальция и КТ-коронарографией (КТ-КАГ)).Результаты. Наличие атеросклеротического поражения БЦА зафиксировано у 58,5% лиц с гипотиреозом и у 28,8% – с гиперфункцией щитовидной железы, удельный вес лиц с многососудистым поражением составил 34,0% и 12,5%, одним или сочетанием нескольких признаков нестабильности атеросклеротической бляшки (АСБ) – 41,5% и 4,2% у пациентов с гипо- и гипертиреозом соответственно. Атеросклероз коронарных артерий верифицирован у 44,6% обследованных пациентов с гипотиреозом и – у 20,0% с гипертиреозом, многососудистое поражение (2 и более) коронарных артерий – у 36,1% и 6,7 % лиц с гипо- и гипертиреозом соответ ственно. Всем включенным в исследование пациентам с подтвержденным инструментально атеросклерозом была назначена гиполипидемическая терапия статинами.Гемодинамически значимое стенозирующее поражение (АСБ &gt; 50%) по данным КТ-КАГ зафиксировано у 4,8% бессимптомных пациентов с гипотиреозом и 1-го пациента с гипертиреозом. Селективная чрескожная ангиография коронарных артерий выполнена 5 бессимптомным пациентам с различным гормональным статусом щитовидной железы, по результатам – 3-м пациентам с гипотиреозом выполнено чрескожное коронарное вмешательство с имплантацией 2 и более коронарных стентов, а пациентке с гипотиреозом и пациенту с гипертиреозом выполнено аортокоронарное шунтирование по поводу многососудистого атеросклеротического пораженияс АСБ более 85–90%.Заключение. С целью оперативного принятия решения об оптимальном диагностическом поиске, с одной стороны – достаточным для диагностики бессимптомных стадий атеросклероза различной локализации, с другой – безопасном для врача и пациента, экономически доступном и легко выполнимом в различных регионах Республики Беларусь и за ее пределами, может быть рекомендован настоящий алгоритм диагностики атеросклероза коронарных и прецеребральных артерий у пациентов с гипо- и гипертиреозом. Его применение повысит эффективность оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с коморбидной патологией и приведет к снижению в белорусской популяции удельного веса лиц с атеротромбозом коронарных и прецеребральных артерий при различном гормональном статусе щитовидной железы, поможет определиться с медикаментозной и немедикаментозной стратегией профилактики сердечно-сосудистых катастроф.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to WHO data, cardiovascular diseases account for 63% of total mortality from non-communicable diseases worldwide, with the largest share of deaths attributed to ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. Untimely detection of preclinical stages of atherosclerosis in comorbid patients leads to delayed initiation of preventive pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy.The need to develop and implement a diagnostic algorithm for atherosclerosis of coronary and precerebral arteries in patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism in clinical practice is driven by the widespread prevalence of thyroid pathology in the Republic of Belarus and globally. This is due to the development of severe cardiovascular complications in the absence of adequate preventive measures, early disability of patients, high financial costs of interventional and cardiac surgical diagnostic and treatment procedures, and the necessity to ensure more rational use of budget funds for outpatient and inpatient treatment, as well as reducing expenses related to loss of working capacity due to cardiovascular diseases in individuals with thyroid dysfunction.Objective of the study: to evaluate the potential of a diagnostic algorithm for atherosclerosis of coronary and precerebral arteries at the preclinical stage in patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism for inclusion in a set of medical services aimed at providing care to comorbid patients with thyroid pathology and atherosclerosis-associated circulatory system diseases.Materials and Methods. The study included 118 working-age patients with thyroid diseases newly diagnosed with hypo- or hyperthyroidism without clinical signs and history of IHD and chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency. Examination of asymptomatic patients with hypo- or hyperthyroidism included analysis of clinical and anamnesis data (complaints, anamnesis, objective examination with blood pressure measurement and making an anthropometric passport of the patient), biochemical blood test with lipid spectrum interpretation and determination of the type of hyperlipidemia according to the WHO classification, and instrumental data (transthoracic echocardiography, volumetric sphygmography with determination of CAVI and ABI indices, ultrasound of brachiocephalic arteries (BCA), cardiac computed tomography with coronary calcium screening programs and CT coronary angiography (CT-CAG)).Results. Atherosclerotic lesions of BCA were detected in 58.5% of individuals with hypothyroidism and 28.8% with thyroid hyperfunction with a multi-vessel lesion rate of 34.0% and 12.5%, and one or a combination of several signs of atherosclerotic plaque (ASP) instability in 41.5% and 4.2% of patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism respectively. Atherosclerosis of coronary arteries was verified in 44.6% of examined patients with hypothyroidism and 20.0% with hyperthyroidism, with multi-vessel (2 or more) coronary artery lesions in 36.1% and 3.1% of individuals with hypo- and hyperthyroidism respectively. All patients included in the study with instrumentally confirmed atherosclerosis were prescribed lipid-lowering therapy with statins. Hemodynamically significant stenosing lesion (ASP &gt; 50%) according to CT-CAG was detected in 4.8% of asymptomatic patients with hypothyroidism and in 1 patient with hyperthyroidism. Selective percutaneous coronary artery angiography was performed on 5 asymptomatic patients with different thyroid hormone statuses resulting in percutaneous coronary intervention with the implantation of 2 or more coronary stents in three patients with hypothyroidism and coronary artery bypass grafting in a patient with hypothyroidism and a patient with hyperthyroidism due to multi-vessel atherosclerotic lesions with ASP over 85–90%.Conclusion. The diagnostic algorithm for atherosclerosis of coronary and precerebral arteries in patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism can be recommended for quickly determining the optimal diagnostic approach for detecting asymptomatic stages of atherosclerosis in various locations. It is particularly useful for diagnosing atherosclerosis in the coronary and precerebral arteries in patients with either hypo- or hyperthyroidism. The algorithm is designed to be safe for both doctors and patients, cost-effective, and easy to implement in different regions of the Republic of Belarus and internationally. Implementing this algorithm will enhance the quality of medical care for patients with comorbid conditions and help decrease the incidence of atherothrombosis in the coronary and precerebral arteries among the Belarusian population. It will also aid in defining both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for preventing cardiovascular events in individuals with varying thyroid hormone statuses.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>щитовидная железа</kwd><kwd>гипотиреоз</kwd><kwd>гипертиреоз</kwd><kwd>гиперлипидемия</kwd><kwd>атеросклероз</kwd><kwd>коронарные артерии</kwd><kwd>брахиоцефальные артерии</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография сердца</kwd><kwd>объемная сфигмография</kwd><kwd>CAVI</kwd><kwd>ABI</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>thyroid gland</kwd><kwd>hypothyroidism</kwd><kwd>hyperthyroidism</kwd><kwd>hyperlipidemia</kwd><kwd>atherosclerosis</kwd><kwd>coronary arteries</kwd><kwd>brachiocephalic arteries</kwd><kwd>cardiac computed tomography</kwd><kwd>volumetric sphygmography</kwd><kwd>CAVI</kwd><kwd>ABI</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках НИОК(Т)Р по заданию 02.32 «Разработать и внедрить метод прогнозирования развития атеросклероза у пациентов с гипо- и гипертиреозом» подпрограммы «Кардиология и кардиохирургия», государственной научно-технической программы «Научно-техническое обеспечение качества и доступности медицинских услуг» 2021–2025 годы. Финансовой поддержки со стороны компаний-производителей лекарственных препаратов и медицинского оборудования авторы не получали.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted within the Research and Development framework under task 02.32 “To develop and implement a method for predicting the development of atherosclerosis in patients with hypo- and hyperthyroidism” of the subprogram “Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery” under the guidelines of the state scientific and technical program “Scientific and technical support of quality and availability of healthcare services”, 2021–2025. The authors did not receive financial support from drug and medical device manufacturing companies.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Health Information Gateway. World Health Organization. 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